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1.
Clinics ; 68(4): 557-562, abr. 2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-674244

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Chemical pleurodesis is an important therapeutic tool to control recurrent malignant pleural effusion. Among the various sclerosing agents, iodopovidone is considered effective and safe. However, in a recent study, ocular changes were described after iodopovidone was used in recurrent pneumothorax. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and morbidity of iodopovidone pleurodesis in an experimental model. METHODS: New Zealand rabbits were submitted to intrapleural injection of iodopovidone at concentrations of 2%, 4% and 10%. Biochemical (lactic dehydrogenase, proteins, triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, urea and creatinine) and immunological (Interleukin-8 [IL-8], VEGF and TGFβ) parameters were measured in the pleural fluid and blood. After 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days, groups of animals were euthanized, and macro- (pleura) and microscopic (pleura and retina) analyses were performed. RESULTS: An early pleural inflammatory response with low systemic repercussion was observed without corresponding changes in thyroid or renal function. The higher concentrations (4% and 10%) correlated with greater initial exudation, and maximum pleural thickening was observed after 28 days. No changes were observed in the retinal pigment epithelium of the rabbits. CONCLUSION: Iodopovidone is considered to be an effective and safe sclerosing agent in this animal model. However, its efficacy, tolerance and safety in humans should be further evaluated. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Pleural Effusion, Malignant/therapy , Pleurodesis/methods , Povidone-Iodine/administration & dosage , Sclerosing Solutions/administration & dosage , Cytokines/blood , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Models, Animal , Pleura/drug effects , Povidone-Iodine/adverse effects , Retinal Pigment Epithelium/drug effects , Sclerosing Solutions/adverse effects , Time Factors
2.
Clinics ; 67(11): 1259-1263, Nov. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-656714

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Pleural tuberculosis is the most frequently occurring form of extra pulmonary disease in adults. In up to 40% of cases, the lung parenchyma is concomitantly involved, which can have an epidemiological impact. This study aims to evaluate the pleural and systemic inflammatory response of patients with pleural or pleuropulmonary tuberculosis. METHODS: A prospective study of 39 patients with confirmed pleural tuberculosis. After thoracentesis, a high resolution chest tomography was performed to evaluate the pulmonary involvement. Of the 39 patients, 20 exhibited only pleural effusion, and high resolution chest tomography revealed active associated-pulmonary disease in 19 patients. The total protein, lactic dehydrogenase, adenosine deaminase, vascular endothelial growth factor, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, and transforming growth factor-β1 levels were quantified in the patient serum and pleural fluid. RESULTS: All of the effusions were exudates with high levels of adenosine deaminase. The levels of vascular endothelial growth factor and transforming growth factor-β1 were increased in the blood and pleural fluid of all of the patients with pleural tuberculosis, with no differences between the two forms of tuberculosis. The tumor necrosis factor-α levels were significantly higher in the pleural fluid of the patients with the pleuropulmonary form of tuberculosis. The interleukin-8 levels were high in the pleural fluid of all of the patients, without any differences between the forms of tuberculosis. CONCLUSION: Tumor necrosis factor-α was the single cytokine that significantly increased in the pleural fluid of the patients with pulmonary involvement. However, an overlap in the results does not permit us to suggest that cytokine is a biological marker of concomitant parenchymal involvement. Although high resolution chest tomography can be useful in identifying these patients, the investigation of fast acid bacilli and cultures for M. tuberculosis in the sputum is recommended for all patients who are diagnosed with pleural tuberculosis.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Biomarkers/analysis , Pleural Effusion/metabolism , Tuberculosis, Pleural/metabolism , Adenosine Deaminase/analysis , Cytokines/analysis , Disease Progression , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Exudates and Transudates/chemistry , Oxidoreductases/analysis , Prospective Studies , Pleural Effusion , Transforming Growth Factor beta1/analysis , Tuberculosis, Pleural , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/metabolism , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/analysis , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/analysis
3.
Pulmäo RJ ; 20(2): 48-53, 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-607343

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do presente trabalho é uma revisão do tratamento endoscópico das estenoses laringotraqueais benignas. O tratamento de eleição para este tipo de estenose é a ressecção com anastomose primária. Entretanto, nem sempre essa situação pode ser alcançada devido a natureza, extensão e localização das estenoses. O tratamento endoscópico é uma alternativa em casos nos quais a ressecção não é possível ou após complicações ou insucessos nas ressecções prévias. O tratamento endoscópico inclui dilatações, ressecção endoscópica com eletrocautério, laser, argon plasma coagulation, crioterapia, braquiterapia e a utilização de endopróteses. Todos esses métodos de dilatação mecânica produzem um resultado imediato satisfatório, com aumento da via aérea e melhora dos sintomas clínicos, mas a durabilidade da terapia continua problemática. Em poucos dias ou semanas retornam os sintomas que obrigam repetidas reintervenções. As endopróteses são divididas em: silicone rígido e metálico autoexpansível. As endopróteses de silicone são as mais utilizadas na literatura e com o maior seguimento em longo prazo. As endopróteses metálicas autoexpansíveis foram introduzidas mais recentemente, e, devido à facilidade de aplicação, ocorreram abusos na utilização com diversas complicações. Mais recentemente, as endopróteses chamadas “híbridas” congregam componentes metálicos autoexpansíveis com uma cobertura de silicone.


This review focuses on endoscopic treatment of benign laryngotracheal stenoses. The standard treatment for laryngotracheal stenoses is surgical resection and reconstruction of the primary airway. However, when surgical resection is not feasible due to the nature, extent, or location of the stenosis, endoscopy presents an alternative for treating complications and for the management of previous unsuccessful resections. Endoscopic treatment includes electrocauterization, laser resection, argon plasma coagulation, cryotherapy, brachytherapy,and stent placement. Although endoluminal approaches have been shown to improve luminal patency, none have produced consistent results and the durability of their effects remains problematic, resulting in a high rate of repeat interventions. There are two basic types of stents: silicon stents; and self-expandable metal stents. Silicon stents are less expensive, more widely available, and still the most often studied. However, the newer, metal stents are easier to insert and position. Therefore, metal stents have been overused, resulting in complications. Recently, “hybrid” stents, such as one composed of a metal scaffold and a silicon coating with self-expandable capabilities, have been introduced.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Bronchoscopy/methods , Tracheal Stenosis/diagnosis , Tracheal Stenosis/therapy , Prostheses and Implants , Stents , Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures , Endoscopy/methods
4.
Rev. bras. colo-proctol ; 19(1): 11-6, jan.-mar. 1999. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-282465

ABSTRACT

O cólon humano contribui de maneira importante para a fermentaçäo de polissacárides näo absorvidos, produzindo ácidos graxos de cadeia curta (AGCC). Este artigo analisa a importância fisiológica dos AGCC para os colonócitos e as perspectivas de sua utilizaçäo clínica no tratamento das doenças colorretais. Diversos efeitos benéficos säo atribuídos ao processo de fermentaçäo e à subsequente produçäo de AGCC, como a contribuiçäo às necessidades energéticas, à manutençäo da integridade e funçäo da mucosa colônica e implicaçöes no metabolismo nitrogenado, de lipídes e glicídios. Além disso, diversas afecçöes colorretais tem sido relacionadas a deficiência de AGCC, como a colite por desuso, colite ulcerativa, bolsite pós-proctocolectomia com anastomose íleo-anal e câncer colorretal. Por este motivo, o fornecimento de AGCC diretamente à mucosa intestinal ou por via intravenosa tem sido preconizado em diversas condiçöes clínicas


Subject(s)
Fatty Acids, Volatile/therapeutic use , Colonic Diseases/therapy , Rectal Diseases/therapy , Fatty Acids, Volatile/physiology , Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism , Colitis, Ulcerative/therapy , Colon/metabolism , Colorectal Neoplasms/diet therapy , Fermentation/physiology
5.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 14(1): 32-8, jan. 1999. ilus, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-233412

ABSTRACT

Com o advento de novas técnicas cirúrgicas para o tratamento das arritmias cardíacas, em especial da fibrilaçäo atrial, como a cirurgia de Cox, o conhecimento das características e do trajeto das artérias coronárias atriais assumiu grande importância. O objetivo deste trabalho é o estudo desta circulaçäo e a definiçäo dos padröes de irrigaçäo atrial. Para tanto, utilizamos 30 coraçöes a fresco de indivíduos sem cardiopatia prévia, cujas artérias coronárias e ramos foram visibilizados através de injeçäo de resina vinílica corada com tinta laca preta, seguida de cuidadosa dissecçäo. Após avaliaçäo macroscópica das peças, näo foram encontrados padröes de irrigaçäo uniforme dos átrios. Porém, a artéria do nó sinoatrial (ANSA), quando analisada isoladamente, revelou näo apenas padröes de origem, como também padröes de trajeto. Foram descritos 7 padröes de origem e trajeto da ANSA, considerando-se pontos de referências da estrutura anatômica dos átrios. Os padröes descritos, diferente dos encontrados por outros autores, säo de fácil interpretaçäo e de aplicabilidade direta em técnicas cirúrgicas que abordam os átrios.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Coronary Circulation/physiology , Atrial Fibrillation/surgery , Aged, 80 and over , Cadaver , Heart Atria/physiology , Sinoatrial Node
6.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Fac. Med. Univ. Säo Paulo ; 52(4): 180-6, jul.-ago. 1997. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-201064

ABSTRACT

A tentativa de reproduzir doença inflamatoria experimental no colon gerou varios modelos de colite. Desde os trabalhos pioneiros de Morris e col., soluçöes de acido 2,4,6-trinitrobenzesulfonico (TNBS) vem sendo utilizadas em diferentes doses. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram padronizar a induçäo de colite, avaliar os efeitos clinicos (peso, ingestäo diaria, diarreia) e intestinais (alteracçös morfologicas do intestino inflamado) da utilizaçäo de soluçöes com TNBS e atestar a reprodutibilidade do processo inflamatorio. Utilizaram-se ratos Wistar submetidos a introduçäo por via retal de 2,5 ml de soluçöes contendo diferentes concentraçöes de TNBS a 5 por cento diluido em etanol...


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid/administration & dosage , Colitis, Ulcerative/chemically induced , Inflammation/chemically induced , Colitis/chemically induced , Diet , Colonic Diseases/pathology
7.
ABCD (São Paulo, Impr.) ; 12(1/2): 22-8, 1997. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-224963

ABSTRACT

O trauma cirurgico induz complexas alteracoes fisiologicas que levam ao catabolismo e deplecao da massa celular corporea. Esta reacao geralmente e moderada, mas pode ser exacerbada por desnutricao previa ou complicacoes pos-operatorias. Para evitar repercussoes metabolicas graves, terapia nutricional deve ser prescrita, usando a via enteral sempre que possivel. Nutricao parenteral total pos-operatoria e indicada a pacientes recebendo nutricao parenteral total pre-operatoria, gravemente desnutridos antes de cirurgia de grande porte, incapazes de se alimentarem satisfatoriamente por sete dias ou mais, ou apresentacoes pos-operatorias severas. Nutricao parenteral total pos-operatoria deve durar por pelo menos sete dias...


Subject(s)
Humans , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Parenteral Nutrition, Total/methods , Postoperative Period , Multicenter Studies as Topic
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